Some twenty kilometres from Nîmes, the Pont du Gard
is the greatest surviving stretch of a fifty-kilometre-long aqueduct
built by the Romans in the middle of the first century to supply fresh
water to the city. With just a seventeen-metre difference in altitude
between start and finish, the aqueduct was quite an achievement,
running as it does up hill and down dale, through a tunnel, along the
top of a wall, cut into trenches, and over rivers; the Pont du Gard
carries it over the River Gard. Today the bridge is something of a
tourist trap, but nonetheless a supreme piece of engineering, a
brilliant combination of function and aesthetics. It made the
impressionable Rousseau wish he'd been born Roman.
Three tiers of arches span the
river, with the covered water conduit on the top, rendered with a
special plaster waterproofed with a paint apparently based on fig
juice. A visit here used to be a must for French journeymen masons on
their traditional tour of the country, and many of them have left their
names and home towns carved on the stonework. Markings made by the
original builders are still visible on inpidual stones in the arches,
such as "FR S III - frons sinistra", front side left no. 3. The Pont du
Gard has recently undergone a massive restoration programme and work is
now starting on improving the local amenities, including a historical
museum planned for the summer of 2002
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